POLECAMY
Koszyk
Fundamentals of designing hydraulic gear machines
Autor:
Wydawca:
Format:
epub, mobi, ibuk
Hydraulic gear machines (HGM) are a type of machines applied in the hydraulic drive and control systems where gears are the main unit both in terms of the design and operation principle. HGMs are utilized for converting mechanical energy into hydraulic energy or vice versa. In the former case, the machines are pumps, and in the latter, hydraulic motors.
The author has been dealing with HGMs for over 40 years, first individually, and for the last several years, as a member of the Fluid Power Research Group constituted at the Mechanical Engineering Department of Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Poland.
| Rok wydania | 2020 |
|---|---|
| Liczba stron | 352 |
| Kategoria | Automatyka i robotyka |
| Wydawca | Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN |
| ISBN-13 | 978-83-01-21145-5 |
| Numer wydania | 1 |
| Język publikacji | angielski |
| Informacja o sprzedawcy | ePWN sp. z o.o. |
Ciekawe propozycje
Spis treści
| Preface 11 | |
| 1. Definition, systematics and methodology of designing hydraulic gear machines 13 | |
| 1.1. Definition and systematics | 13 |
| 1.2. Designing methodology | 15 |
| 2. The process of energy transformation in hydraulic gear machines 20 | |
| 2.1. General models of a pump and a motor | 20 |
| 2.1.1. General model of a pump | 20 |
| 2.1.2. General model of a motor | 21 |
| 2.2. Ideal and real characteristics of a pump and a motor | 24 |
| 2.2.1. Characteristics of a pump | 24 |
| 2.2.2. Characteristics of a motor | 28 |
| 2.3. Conclusions | 32 |
| 3. Gears in hydraulic gear machines 33 | |
| 3.1. Teeth, gears and the external involute gear systems | 34 |
| 3.1.1. The tooth, the external gear | 34 |
| 3.1.2. The boundary number of teeth, correction of the external tooth | 38 |
| 3.1.3. The external involute gear system | 40 |
| 3.1.3.1. The uncorrected gear system, the principle of co-operation, t e number of contact | 40 |
| 3.1.3.2. The corrected gear system, the principle of co-operation, the number of contact | 42 |
| 3.2. Teeth, gears and the internal involute gear systems | 45 |
| 3.2.1. The tooth, the internal gear | 45 |
| 3.2.2. The boundary number of teeth, correction of the internal tooth | 47 |
| 3.2.3. The internal involute gear system | 48 |
| 3.2.3.1. The uncorrected gear system, the principle of co-operation, the number of contact | 48 |
| 3.2.3.2. The corrected gear system, the principle of co-operation, the number of contact | 50 |
| 3.2.3.3. Interference of the gear teeth | 52 |
| 3.3. Teeth, gears and the internal cycloidal gear systems | 54 |
| 3.3.1. Teeth, gears and the uncorrected internal epicycloidal gear system | 54 |
| 3.3.2. Teeth, gears and the corrected internal epicycloidal gear system | 59 |
| 3.3.3. Principle of co-operation in the epicycloidal gear system, the line of contact, the number of contact | 61 |
| 3.3.4. Teeth, gears and the uncorrected internal hypocycloidal gear system | 64 |
| 3.3.5. Teeth, gears and the corrected internal hypocycloidal gear system | 67 |
| 3.3.6. Principle of co-operation in the hypocycloidal gear system, the line of contact, the number of contact | 69 |
| 3.3.7. Principle of co-operation in the cycloidal gear system with moveable axes | 71 |
| 3.3.8. Principle of co-operation in the cycloidal multi-gear systems | 74 |
| 3.4. Conclusions | 75 |
| 4. Channels and clearances in the fluid power gear machines | 78 |
| 4.1. The system of fixed channels and clearances | 78 |
| 4.2. The system of moveable channels and clearances | 80 |
| 4.3. The system of channels and clearances in the machines of the first group | 81 |
| 4.3.1. Inlet channel and inlet chamber | 82 |
| 4.3.2. Inlet bridge | 83 |
| 4.3.3. Outlet channel and outlet chamber | 85 |
| 4.3.4. Outlet bridge | 86 |
| 4.3.5. Axial and radial clearance | 103 |
| 4.4. The system of channels and clearances in the machines of the second group | 105 |
| 4.4.1. Inlet channel and inlet chamber | 105 |
| 4.4.2. Inlet bridge | 108 |
| 4.4.3. Outlet channel and outlet chamber | 109 |
| 4.4.4. Outlet bridge | 110 |
| 4.4.5. Axial and radial clearance | 118 |
| 4.5. The system of channels and clearances in the machines of the third group | 120 |
| 4.5.1. Inlet channel and inlet chamber | 121 |
| 4.5.2. Inlet bridge | 122 |
| 4.5.3. Outlet channel and outlet chamber | 124 |
| 4.5.4. Outlet bridge | 125 |
| 4.5.5. Axial and radial clearance | 132 |
| 4.6. The system of channels and clearances in the machines of the fourth group | 134 |
| 4.6.1. The system of channels and clearances in the multifunctional hydraulic gear machine (MHGM) | 134 |
| 4.6.2. The system of channels and clearances in the ORBIT orbital motor | 137 |
| 4.6.3. The system of channels and clearances in the MAX orbital motor with double cycloidal gearing | 140 |
| 4.7. Conclusions | 142 |
| 5. Delivery and delivery pulsation, capacity and capacity pulsation of the fluid power gear machines | 144 |
| 5.1. General formulae | 145 |
| 5.1.1. Instantaneous delivery | 145 |
| 5.1.2. The proper, theoretical and average delivery | 152 |
| 5.1.3. Delivery pulsation | 154 |
| 5.2. Delivery and delivery pulsation in the machines of the first group | 154 |
| 5.3. Delivery and delivery pulsation in the machines of the second group | 160 |
| 5.4. Delivery and delivery pulsation in the machines of the third group | 163 |
| 5.4.1. Epicycloidal gear machines | 165 |
| 5.4.2. Hypocycloidal gear machines | 172 |
| 5.5. Delivery of the machines of the fourth group | 179 |
| 5.6. Conclusions | 181 |
| 6. Pressure and pressure pulsation in the fluid power gear machines 182 | |
| 6.1. Theoretical characteristics of the pressure and pressure pulsation changes in the intertooth displacement chamber T in the machines od the first-third group | 184 |
| 6.2. Theoretical characteristics of the pressure and pressure pulsation changes in the intertooth displacement chamber in the machines of the fourth group | 191 |
| 6.3. Conclusions | 193 |
| 7. The visual study of the flow processes and phenomena taking place in the channels and clearances of the gear machines | 195 |
| 7.1. General comments | 195 |
| 7.2. The subject and methodology of the visual study; the test stand | 195 |
| 7.3. The visual study of the machines of the first group | 199 |
| 7.3.1. Inlet channel and inlet chamber | 202 |
| 7.3.2. Inlet bridge | 204 |
| 7.3.3. Outlet channel and outlet chamber | 206 |
| 7.3.4. Outlet bridge | 207 |
| 7.3.5. Relief grooves in the outlet bridge zone | 212 |
| 7.3.6. Axial clearance | 216 |
| 7.4. The visual study of the machines of the second group | 217 |
| 7.4.1. Inlet channel and inlet chamber | 219 |
| 7.4.2. Inlet bridge | 221 |
| 7.4.3. Outlet channel and outlet chamber | 222 |
| 7.4.4. Outlet bridge | 223 |
| 7.5. The visual study of the machines of third group | 226 |
| 7.5.1. Inlet channel and inlet chamber | 228 |
| 7.5.2. Inlet bridge | 230 |
| 7.5.3. Outlet channel and outlet chamber | 235 |
| 7.5.4. Outlet bridge | 236 |
| 7.6. Conclusions | 238 |
| 8. Pressure study in the channels and clearances of the gear machines | 241 |
| 8.1. The subject and methodology of the study; the test stand | 241 |
| 8.2. Study of the pressure in the channels and clearances of the machines of the first group | 242 |
| 8.2.1. Study of gear pump I without axial clearance compensation | 242 |
| 8.2.2. Study of gear pump II with axial clearance compensation | 251 |
| 8.3. Study of the pressure in the channels and clearances of the machines of the second and third group | 258 |
| 8.4. Conclusions | 271 |
| 9. Designing the housings of the fluid power gear machines | 273 |
| 9.1. Methodology of designing the housings of the fluid power gear machines | 273 |
| 9.2. Determining the design and technological requirements for the housings of the pumps | 274 |
| 9.3. Determining the basic shape of the pumps | 275 |
| 9.4. Strength analysis of the housings of the basic shape gear pumps with the use of FEM | 278 |
| 9.4.1. Geometrical models, load and fixation | 278 |
| 9.4.2. Numerical models, research programme | 280 |
| 9.4.3. Results of the strength analysis of the basic shape pump housings | 282 |
| 9.5. Global and local modification of the basic shape housing | 285 |
| 9.6. Strength analysis of the housings of the modified shape gear pumps with the use of FEM | 287 |
| 9.7. Assumption of the final shape of the pumps | 288 |
| 9.8. Conclusions | 289 |
| 10. Designing the axial clearances compensation system | 291 |
| 10.1. Principle of axial clearance compensation. Methodology of designing the axial clearance compensation system | 291 |
| 10.2. Designing the axial clearance compensation system in the machines of the first group | 293 |
| 10.2.1. Assumption of a design solution for the compensation system | 293 |
| 10.2.2. Defining area Ap of the pressure working in the axial clearance, and the division of the area into partial areas Api | 294 |
| 10.2.3. Defining the distribution of partial pressure pi working on partial areas Api | 296 |
| 10.2.4. Defining partial repulsive forces Fpi and the total repulsive force Fp | 298 |
| 10.2.5. Defining partial torques of the repulsive forces Mpi and total torque of the repulsive forces Mp | 299 |
| 10.2.6. Defining points of application xpi, ypi of partial repulsive forces Fpi and point of application xp, yp of total repulsive force Fp | 305 |
| 10.2.7. Shaping total compensation area Ac and its division into partial areas Aci. Determining of compensation pressure pc | 305 |
| 10.2.8. Defining partial compensation forces Fci and total compensation force Fc | 308 |
| 10.2.9. Defining coordinates xci, yci of the points of application of partial compensation forces Fci and coordinates xc, yc of the points of application of total compensation force Fc | 308 |
| 10.2.10. Comparison of total repulsive force Fp and its point of application xp, yp with total compensation force Fc and the point of its application xc, yc | 310 |
| 10.3. Designing the axial clearance compensation system in the machines of thesecond group | 311 |
| 10.3.1. Assumption of a design solution for the compensation system | 311 |
| 10.3.2. Defining partial repulsive forces Fpi and total repulsive force Fp | 312 |
| 10.3.3. Defining points of application xpi, ypi of partial repulsive forces Fpi and point of application xc, yc of total repulsive force Fp | 316 |
| 10.3.4. Shaping the total compensation area Ac and its division into partial areas Aci. Determining of compensation pressure pc | 319 |
| 10.3.5. Defining partial compensation forces Fci and coordinates xci, yci of the points of its application and total compensation force Fc and coordinates xc, yc of the point of its application | 321 |
| 10.3.6. Comparison of total repulsive force Fp and its point of application xp, yp with total compensation force Fc and the point of its application xc, yc | 322 |
| 10.4. Designing the axial clearance compensation system in the machines of the third group | 324 |
| 10.5. Designing the axial clearance compensation system in the machines of the fourth group | 326 |
| 10.6. Conclusions | 330 |
| 11. Design solutions of fluid power gear machines | 332 |
| References | 346 |
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